Very often you can hear about the unusual and even unique abilities of autistics. In a sense, autism romanticizing contributed cinema. Who has not seen the same "Rain Man," in which an autistic genius played by Justin Hoffman? Or the movie "Mercury Rising", where the autistic boy breaks a secret code the FBI?
But in fact, outstanding ability in any case can not be considered the hallmark of autism. In reality, they exhibit only a very small proportion of people suffering from autism. (In this case, in the areas lying outside manifestations of the syndrome, they can demonstrate a very weak mental usefulness, if not backward.) Autism is in fact a symptom of a mental disorder, evidence of pathological processes in the brain, which can be either mild, do not affect intelligence and on the contrary, very deep. Therefore, among autistics can meet and unconventional programmers and people who can not master the simple functions.
The epidemic of autism
Recently in the press, you can often find reports that cases of autism among children are increasing, and in general - the world is threatened autism epidemic . But autism is unlikely to become so much more to be born. Just due to the rather intensive study of autism in this area has become more professional and have expanded the boundaries of the autism spectrum.
Usually when it comes to autism, it refers to the so-called classic autism. But statsticheski to autistic people and ranked as autistic spectrum disorder in which manifest themselves in a more gentle form, and look to others more like a strange habit. Some experts believe autistic people with a diagnosis of " Asperger's syndrome ", And the syndrome called highly functional form of autism. Asperger's syndrome is characterized by normal or high intelligence up to genius, but "Asperger's" different non-standard or underdeveloped social skills (presumably Asperger syndrome was present in the great scientist Albert Einstein, writer Virginia Woolf).
Where does autism?
Psychiatrists exhibit autistic nedyuzhy interest, but this disease - one of the most mysterious disorders. Many of the known facts about autism are essentially hypotheses, invariably causing a lot of controversy among those who are more or less familiar with the disease. There is also a precise and unambiguous answer to the question, where does autism . There are versions of the genetic origins of disease. There are hypotheses about the nature of autism acquiree. In particular, it is assumed that the fatal role played by prenatal factors such as diabetes or rubella during pregnancy, exposure to pesticides, or folic acid, a high level of stress mothers and others. Or postnatal factors that can trigger autism after birth: Lead Poisoning or mercury, autoimmune diseases and various viral infections. But the main danger for the child is considered vaccinated, especially combination vaccines like CSC (measles, mumps and chicken pox).
Whether congenital or acquired autism, cure this disease does not respond. However, there are techniques that allow you to teach autistic writing, self-service processes in contact with others, work skills - in short, things that would make life easier for autistic in society, this is essentially a hostile world for him.
Signs of Autism
Intrigue of autism that can not be diagnosed during pregnancy and childbirth. Only accumulate over time is evidence to suspect in a child with autism. They may start to appear quite early, in the first weeks of life, but most of the parents of the child do not notice them, and if they notice did not give the value of the alarm. In Russia, the problem is compounded by the fact that for a long time, autism as a disease in the country suschesstvovalo, diagnosed with schizophrenia, psychopathy or cretinism. So often come so far, especially in the provinces, especially the doctors of the old Soviet school.
One of the very difficult moments is that the nuances in behavior that causes autism, different children may be manifested in different ways. Swedish psychologist Iris Johansson - the owner of a unique history: being autistic, she was able to integrate into the ordinary world, to create a family and a career. Because autistic world it once pulled his father, a simple farmer, who decided that his daughter is something wrong when Iris was three months old. The girl was then stung by a bee on the nose, but she made no sound ...
Violation of emotional ties - is one of the characteristic symptoms of autism: autistic cry and laugh for some very specific deep internal reasons, that our "normal" practically correlate. Another characteristic feature of autism - difficulty in communication. Autistics are not self-absorbed and not fenced off from the world, as it often seems. They just do not know how to deal: the mental mechanisms that provide communication for ordinary people, they are not working.
How could this occur in children? For example, the baby does not focus on the mother's eyes, does not smile, do not put a head on his shoulder, when he takes on his hands, does not take a comfortable, familiar to all children pose during breastfeeding, and is detached, frozen "column." These children react poorly to a variety of visual and auditory stimuli, they sometimes seem to be deaf and blind.
They may also exhibit behavioral characteristics. For example, such characteristic signs of autism As movement patterns - the child and then shakes hands, drives her fingers before his eyes, spinning, swinging, running around in circles, makes sounds tongue and cheeks, etc. Almost all children have a heightened sensitivity to sudden sounds, noise, light (bright sun, fire). In this regard, they may be afraid of the noise of a vacuum cleaner, car horns and sounds alarm sounds drills, food processors, and they are afraid of cats, dogs, heights, darkness, etc., and this fear becomes exaggerated features and is accompanied by a very heavy emotional reactions.
It had an autistic child may appear quite early, but in the future may come to naught. In speaking children it is quite specific - mechanical, jerky, unemotional in our conventional sense. Many autistic individuals suffer echolalia (automatic, uncontrollable repetition of overheard words).
Features of mental habits affect autistic. To signs of autism characterized by severe, often painful attachment to familiar things and situations. This happens due to the fact that autistic quite special things perceive the world around them. Much of what is nearby, is for them something incomprehensible - their brain processes information coming from the outside is not like ordinary people. So Iris Swede Johansson recalled that when talking next to her, she had heard a lot of singing voices and seen circling the room color words.
Autistics certain way "communicate" with things, but if the usual situation is broken, they have a very strong, painful anxiety. To protect themselves, their actions brought autism to the ritual or "communicate" only with familiar things to them. The child may be a favorite route for walking, favorite bench, he agrees to only wear the same clothes, have something the same - is to try to make changes in his lifestyle, and that can cause episodes of severe aggression or tantrums.
According to experts, parents should always wonder why a child on something insists that is his whims, for his obstinacy. Because behavioral disorders can give and other mental disorders. But in the case of autism specific role played by the factor of time. The sooner parents anxiety score, the more chances they will have to adapt to the child's normal life.
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